Photographing Meer Ali Khan for the Wall Street Journal

It was a privilege to meet Meer Ali Khan while on assignment for the Wall Street Journal.

Meer’s brother was killed only three months after starting work on the NEOM project in Saudi Arabia. He hopes that by raising awareness of the fate suffered by his family, he can help prevent similar tragedies caused by harsh and unsafe working conditions.

Recent reports and documentaries have painted a disturbing picture of labour abuses at NEOM. Migrant workers, who make up the vast majority of the construction workforce, allege gruelling hours, unpaid wages, and unsafe working conditions. Some workers have even claimed that they were not paid for months and were forced to work in extreme heat without access to clean water or shade.

"We are made to work extremely hard," said one worker, who wished to remain anonymous for fear of reprisal. "There is little time to rest. We get tired. We suffer from anxiety day and night."

These allegations are not new. Human rights organisations have long documented the exploitation of migrant workers in Saudi Arabia, particularly in the construction sector. The kafala system, which ties workers' visas to their employers, has been widely criticised for giving employers excessive power and control over workers' lives.

While Saudi Arabia has made some reforms to the kafala system in recent years, advocates say that these changes have not gone far enough. Migrant workers remain vulnerable to abuse, and many are afraid to speak out for fear of losing their jobs or being deported.

The situation at NEOM is particularly concerning given the scale and ambition of the project. NEOM is expected to cost an estimated $500 billion and will require a massive workforce to complete. If the allegations of labour abuses are true, it would suggest that the exploitation of migrant workers is deeply embedded in the project's development.